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N. E. NASH. GAS ENGINE. No. 340,453. Patented Apr. 20, 1.8.86.

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GAS ENGINE. No. 340,453. Patented Apr. 20,v 1886.

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GAS ENGINE.

No. 340.453. PatentedApr, 2o, 1.886.

V11; JIL- -Wm-NEEEEE- -NVENT DFL- QMQ@ JM/@5% @Nmap STATES PATENT @cricca NATHAN E.v NASH, OF VES'IELY, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR OFNEHALF TO RGBERT H. STALEY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 340,453, dated April 20, 1886.

Application tiled October l2, 1985. Serial No. 179,639.

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, NATHAN E. NASH, of Vesterly, in the county of Washington and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain Improvements in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in that class of engines in which the moving` parts are primarily operated by the ignition of an explosive body, such as gunpowder or the vapor of hydrocarbon and air.

In the drawings forming a part hereof,

Figure I is a partly-sectional side View of the engine. Fig. II is a section taken on the dotted line X X, Fig. I. Fig. III isa plan of the engine.

A is the casing of the engine, of such shape as will admit of the joint rotation of the pistons A and B therein. These pistons are cylindrical blocks secured to shafts a a', the upper one of which, a, projects through a stuffing-box, b, on one side of the casing` A. The lower shaft, a', extends through stuiiing-boxes b and c in the sides of the casing, and one end of the shaft is used to perform work, while the other is connected .to the shaft a by means of gears B and C, for purposes hereinafter described.

The pistons A and B consist of cylindrical blocks, as before stated, and each one has four teeth on its periphery, .which are denoted by c', and they are at equal distances apart,and at each side of each tooth is a depression, d, to admit of therotation of the pistons, as will be ings.

In order that the teeth of the pistons may always register or continue in gear, the shafts a and u are connected by the gears B and C, as before stated. C and D are channels having branches d', e, e', andf, which extend to the interior of the casing and between the pistons A and B. The channels C and D are united to the valve-chambers D and E by means of pipes E', F, F', and G, which can be either bolted to the casing or cast as a portion thereof. G and I-I are respectively the ad mission and the exhaust valves, situated relatively in the valve-chambers D and E., The

understood by reference to Fig. I of the draw- (No model.)

admission-valve chest is in communication 5o with the explosionchamber H by means of the portf.

In the further description of the invention which follows it will be supposed that the explosivemixture used is the vapor of hydrocarbon fluid and the'proper proportion of atmospheric air. The fluid required as an ele ment of the explosive mixture is introduced to the explosion-chamber at intervals or intermittingly, and the means employed consist 6o as follows: A vapor-duct, g, formed in the wall of theexplosion-cliamber is supplied with the fluid from asuitable pipe, g', and it terminates near thebottom of the said chamber. In this duet are situated the valves hand h', which 6 5 are separated, so as to hold in the portion of the duct between them the proper charge of duid. The action of these valves will be hereinafter more fully described.

I is an air-pump to force air to. the explo- 7o sion-chamber, and itisin communication with the duct g and the interior of the explosion chamber by means ofthe opening t'.

1 is an air-exhaust pump to effect the ignition of the explosive mixture in the'chamber 75 H', and to this end there are two orifices, i' and j, which connect the pump with the interior of the explosion-chamber, and a third one, j', having a check-valve, 7c, opening in- Wardly, through which the flame lo is drawn 8o to the interior of the said exhaust-pu mp.

The pistons J J' of the pumps I and Ihave rods which pass through stuffing-boxes in the heads of the said pumps, and these rods are united by properjoints toa lever. K, pivoted at one end to the vibratory bar K', which in turn is pivoted to a bracket, Z, projecting from the pipe F, or any stationary part of the machine. This lever K is vibrated from the. lower gear, C, through the medium of the pin- 9c ion Lon the shaft L', and crank-wheel llLhaving a pin, l', a rod, m, arms m and a on the shaft a', and the link o, which connects the arm a with-the end of the said lever. The pinion L is one-fourth the diameter of the wheel C. Consequently the pistons of the air-pumps make four double strokes to one revolution of thel shafts a anda. The valves h and h have arms o' and p, which are connected by a rod, i explosive force passes to the valve-chamber p', and the upper one is attached to the lever K by means of a link. q, and a stud, q.

The admission and exhaust valves G' and H are fastened to shafts rand r', having arms Mand N, to which the ends of a toggle, N', are jointed. This toggle is connected by means of a link, O, to a hand-lever, O', pivoted to the frame. (See particularly Fig. Lin which the toggle and lever and their attachments are shown in dotted lines.) By means of this hand-lever the valves G' and H can be turned so as to admit the force of the explosion in the explosion-chamberH to either side of the connected pistons A andB, and so reverse the direction of their rotation. The exhaust-pipe P, which leads from the exhaustvalve chamber H, extends to an exhaust-box, P', around the shaft a', andthe gases resulting from the explosion pass through holes s into the said shaft, which is hollow, and out at its open end. The exhaust-pipe is made to extend to a point considerably above the shaft, in order that when the engine is to be employed in the propulsion of a vessel, and is situated below the water-line, the water cannot reach the moving parts ofthe engine. The

water-line in this case would -be indicated by the dotted line y y.

Supposing the various parts of the machine to be in the relative positions shown in the drawings, the operation ofthe engine is as follows: To start the engine, the lever K is operated by hand through the medium of the arm n, which is furnished with a handle, s', and is adapted in any suitable way to be, at

will, moved independently ofthe shaft it..

When the lever K is vibrared, a properquantity of iiuid is at each stroke admitted to the explosion-chamber liA through the medium of the valves li h', together with the requisite volume of air to support combustion, and the ignition is eii'ected by the flame being drawn into the exhaust air-pump, when it meets with the explosive mixture, as before stated. rlhe G through the portf, and thence through the pipe F and the chamber C and its branches d and e to between the pistons A and B. It now acts directly ou the teeth e and forces the pistons in opposite directions, as shown by the arrows in Fin'. I. \Vhen the teeth against which thc explosive force acts pass around to the branches e and f ot the channel D, the exhaust takes place, and the spent gases escape through the pipe G to the exhaust-va1ve chamber H, and thence to the exhaust-pipe P. When it is desired to reverse the direction of the engine, the toggle is drawn over by means of the handlever O', which has the effect of throwing the explosive force through the pipe F to the opposite side of the pistons, and allows the escape of the spent gases through the pipe Fto th'e exhaust-valve chamber.

I claim as my invention-- 1. In a gas-engine, the combination of acasing, a pair ot' rotarypistons with interlocking teeth situated within the casing, an explosion-chamber in communication with the interior of the said casing, valves to coutrol the admission of the explosive gases to and others to control the exit ofthe said gases from the said casing, and means to supply the explosive mixture to ihcsaid explosion-chamber, substautiaily as spccitied.

2. In combination with the explosion-chamber of a gasvengine, a pipe to admit hydrocarbon iiuid or gas thereto, having valves and suitable mechanism to control its flow to the said chamber, an air-pump to force air to the said chambei-and an air-exhaust pump to draw in a ilamc and cit'ect the explosion of the mixture inthe said chamber,substantially as speciiied.

NATHAN E, NASH. lVitnesses:

EUGENE B. PENDLETON, EvnanTT Banus. 

